As the concept of sustainable development continues to gain popularity in countries around the world, the global solar energy development and utilization scale is rapidly expanding, technology continues to advance, and the cost is significantly reduced, showing good development prospects. Many countries regard solar energy as an important emerging energy source.
① Solar energy is more widely used. Photovoltaic power generation has entered the stage of large-scale development. Traditional photovoltaic power generation markets such as China, Europe, and the United States continue to maintain rapid growth, and emerging markets for photovoltaic power generation in Southeast Asia, Latin America, the Middle East and Africa are also rapidly starting. The development of the solar power industry has begun to accelerate. A large number of commercial solar power projects have been completed or are under construction, and solar power has the potential advantage as an adjustable power source.
② The scale of photovoltaic power generation is growing rapidly. As of the end of 2017, the cumulative global installed capacity of solar power generation reached 405 million kW, and the new installed capacity that year exceeded 102GW, accounting for 20% of the global new installed capacity of power generation. The average annual growth rate of photovoltaic power generation from 2006 to 2017 exceeded 35%, making it the fastest-growing energy source in the world. Solar thermal power generation will add 4 million kW of installed capacity within 5 years, entering the preliminary stage of industrialization development.
③ The competitiveness of the photovoltaic power generation market has increased rapidly. With the technological progress and scale expansion of the photovoltaic power generation industry, the cost of photovoltaic power generation has been rapidly reduced, and parity has been achieved in the field of commercial and residential power consumption in Europe, Japan, Australia and other countries and regions. After solar thermal power generation has entered the initial industrialization development stage, the cost of power generation has been significantly reduced.
④ The solar energy industry plays a significant role in driving the economy. In 2015, the global photovoltaic market reached more than 500 billion yuan, created about 3 million jobs, and performed outstandingly in promoting the development of the global new economy. Many countries have taken the photovoltaic power generation industry as a strategic emerging industry and new economic growth point to be cultivated. They have put forward relevant industry development plans, and have continuously increased their support in photovoltaic technology research and development and industrialization. The global photovoltaic power generation industry remains strong. Growth momentum.
As the new world economic engine, China’s photovoltaic power generation industry has shown unprecedented vitality. A large number of photovoltaic companies have emerged as the times require, and photovoltaic shipments have reached the world’s leading level. China’s application of photovoltaics began with the successful development of the first silicon product in 1958, and the first successful application of solar cells to China’s second artificial satellite in 1971. The application of photovoltaic cells on the ground began in 1973, and the production of monocrystalline silicon solar cells began in 1979. At the end of the 1980s, China’s photovoltaic power generation industry ushered in its first leap. The domestic The battery production capacity has increased from a few hundred kilowatts in the original three small plants to 4.5MW in six plants. The investment in the imported solar cell production equipment and production lines mainly comes from the central government, local governments, national industrial ministries and commissions and large national enterprises. In the mid to late 1990s, the photovoltaic power generation industry entered a period of steady development, and the output of solar cells and modules steadily increased year by year. After 2000, Chinese photovoltaic enterprises have ushered in great development, mainly due to the influence of the international environment, the launch of international projects and government projects, and the pull of the market. In 2002, the “Bright Project” pilot project and the “Electricity to the Township” project implemented by the National Development and Reform Commission, as well as the “Electricity to the Village Project” implemented in 2006, all adopted photovoltaic power generation technology. Driven by these measures, China’s photovoltaic power generation industry has developed rapidly. At the end of 2007, China’s cumulative installed capacity of photovoltaic power generation systems reached 100MW, and more than 50 companies engaged in the production of solar cells. The annual output of solar cells reached 1188MW, surpassing Japan and Europe. Initially, the production of raw materials to the construction of photovoltaic power generation systems has been established. The complete industrial chain composed of multiple links, especially the production of polysilicon materials, has made significant progress, breaking through the 1,000-ton annual output barrier, breaking through the bottleneck constraints of solar cell raw material production, and laying the foundation for the large-scale development of photovoltaic power generation in China . In 2010, China’s solar cell production capacity reached 5635MW, accounting for more than 40% of the world’s total, making China a major photovoltaic manufacturing country. During the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan” period, the State Council issued the “Several Opinions on Promoting the Healthy Development of the Photovoltaic Power Generation Industry”. The photovoltaic power generation industry policy system has been gradually improved, photovoltaic technology has made significant progress, and the market scale has expanded rapidly. After more than 30 years of hard work, China’s photovoltaic power generation industry has continued to develop rapidly. The production of photovoltaic modules has been increasing year by year, the cost has been decreasing, the market has been expanding, and the installed capacity has been increasing year by year. Application areas include rural electrification, transportation, communications, petroleum, meteorology, national defense, etc., especially independent photovoltaic power generation systems have solved many remote areas of schools, medical places, home lighting, television and other electricity.
